Of all three RAGE gene polymorphisms, only the genotype distributions and alleles frequencies of 82G/S polymorphisms significantly differed between knee OA and control subjects.
Increase in production of matrix metalloproteinase 13 by human articular chondrocytes due to stimulation with S100A4: Role of the receptor for advanced glycation end products.
However, serum sVAP-1 levels in OA patients were lower than in controls and inversely correlated with pain and inflammation markers (hsCRP and soluble RAGE).
Bioinformatics analysis showed increased mRNA expression of Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs): HMGA, HMGB, HMGN, SRY, LEF1, HMGB1, MMPs, and HMG/RAGE-interacting molecules (spondins and S100A4, S100A10, and S100A11) in human OA-affected cartilage as compared with normal cartilage.
Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a multiligand receptor belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily and plays crucial roles in the development of many human diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, osteoarthritis and cancer.